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Contemporary Materials I−2 (2010)

Contemporary Materials I−2 (2010)     Page 151 of 156

UDK 694:547.281:66.094 

Determining optimum tilt angles and orientations of photovoltaic panels in NiŠ, Serbia

T. Pavlović*, Z. Pavlović, L. Pantić, Lj. Kostić

University of Niš, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Niš, P.O.Box. 224, st. Visegradska 33, Serbia

Ab­stract:

Per­for­man­ce of pho­to­vol­ta­ic (PV) so­lar mo­du­le is af­fec­ted by its ori­en­ta­ti­on and its tilt an­gle with ho­ri­zon­tal pla­ne. The­se two pa­ra­me­ters chan­ge the amo­unt of so­lar energy re­ce­i­ved by the sur­fa­ce of the PV mo­du­le. In this ex­pe­ri­ment the ro­ta­ti­o­nal so­lar mo­du­le was po­si­ti­o­ned in the pre­de­fi­ned an­gles. The so­lar mo­du­le was ro­ta­ted to­wards the East, So­uth and West and po­si­ti­o­ned for the an­gles 00, 300, 450, 600 and 900. In the­se po­si­ti­ons the va­lu­es of cur­rent, vol­ta­ge, po­wer and so­lar ra­di­a­ti­on in­ten­sity we­re me­a­su­red. The op­ti­mum po­si­ti­ons we­re de­ter­mi­ned as po­si­ti­ons in which ma­xi­mum va­lu­es of so­lar in­ten­sity and ma­xi­mum po­wer we­re re­gi­ste­red. In this ex­pe­ri­ment the ef­fect of two-axis so­lar trac­king on elec­tri­cal energy ga­in was com­pa­red to the elec­tri­cal energy ga­in of a fi­xed PV mo­du­le. This study de­ter­mi­ned that PV mo­du­le ori­en­ted to­wards the So­uth gi­ves the gre­a­test va­lue of elec­tri­cal energy for the an­gle of 300, which is the ma­xi­mum re­gi­ste­red va­lue, so it re­pre­sents the op­ti­mum fi­xed po­si­ti­on for the PV mo­du­le in August. PV mo­du­le ro­ta­ted for the­se cho­sen an­gles for the sa­me day gi­ves 24.78% mo­re elec­tri­cal energy com­pa­red to the PV mo­du­le in op­ti­mal fi­xed po­si­ti­on, So­uth 300. In­cre­a­se in so­lar ra­di­a­ti­on of 28.76% re­sults in the in­cre­a­se in po­wer of  24.78%.

Keywords: optimum tilt angle; PV system performance, PV system optimization.

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